The society known as The Apostles was founded in 1820 for the free discussion of any topic. Membership is by election. For further information see: W. C. Lubenow, The Cambridge Apostles, 1820-1914 (Cambridge, 1998); Peter Allen, The Cambridge Apostles: the early years (Cambridge, 1978); Paul Levy, Moore: G.E. Moore and the Cambridge Apostles (Oxford, 1979).